Yuav ua li casCov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws XobUa? Los ntawm ib sim mus rau koj lub txee dai khaub ncaws
Koj puas tau xav tias yuav ua li cas tias lub tsho loj, tiv thaiv dej tsis muaj dej, lossis cov pam vov flasece yog los rau lub neej? Tsis zoo li cov fibers zus nyob rau hauv teb,Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xobyug hauv lub chaw soj nstuam thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txaus ntshai - {}}}}}} cov txheej txheem tshuaj.
Cia ib txwm unravel txoj kev taug ntawm hluavtaws ntaub - mak ua, los ntawm raw khoom kom tiav textile.
Kauj ruam 1: Nws sawv daws pib nrog pob txha pob zeb
Zaj dab neeg ntawm hluavtaws ntaub pib pib tob hauv av. Cov ntaub ntawv xws li roj nyoos, cov nkev ntuj, thiab cov thee yog thawj qhov chaw. Los ntawm kev ua kom huv thiab tshuaj lom neeg, cov pob txha no tau tawg rau hauv monomers {2} Cov tsev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Cov ntaub ntawv Raw xws li:
Ethylene (rau polyester)
Acrylonitrile (rau Acrylic)
Caprolactam (rau nylon)
Polyurethane (rau Spandex)
Kauj ruam 2: Tsim cov polymer
Cov Monomers tau raug rau cov txheej txheem hu ua Polymerization. Nyob rau hauv siab kub thiab siab, thiab nrog kev pab ntawm catalysts, cov monomers me me txuas rau hauv cov saw hlau ntev hu ua polymers.
Piv txwv li:
Polyester yog tsim los ntawm kev ua kom huv ntawm cov kua qaub (PTA) thiab monoethylene glycol (meg).
Nylon feem ntau los ntawm diamine thiab dicarboxylic acid.
Qhov tshwm sim yog tuab, syrup - zoo li cov tshuaj polymer uas tau muab tso rau kom txog thaum nws sau cov chips lossis pellets. Cov no yog yooj yim thauj thiab yaj cia tom qab rau fiber ntau lawm.
Kauj ruam 3: Spinning fibers los ntawm polymer
Tom ntej no, cov chips polymer no tau yaj thiab yuam dhau ntawm ib lub cuab yeej hu ua tus spinneret, uas zoo li da dej me me. Raws li cov kua polymer yog thawb los ntawm cov kev qhib no, nws solidifies rau hauv cov filaments txuas ntxiv {}} thawj thawj "cov fibers."
Muaj ob txoj kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kiv:
Melt Spining: Siv rau polyester, Nylon, thiab polypropylene. Lub polymer yog melted thiab extruded ncaj qha los ntawm cov spinneret.
Ntub Ntaj: Siv rau acrylic thiab rayon. Cov polymer yog yaj nyob rau hauv ib qho tshuaj lom neeg siv tshuaj kuab tshuaj kom ua ib lub syrup - zoo li extruded rau hauv chav da dej uas nws ua rau muaj fiber ntau.
Kauj ruam 4: Kos duab thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov fibers
Cov khoom tawg tshiab tau tseem tsis muaj zog thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam. Yuav kom ntxiv dag zog rau lawv, lawv yauv yooj yim nqus - tus txheej txheem uas filaments yog ncav ntau zaus lawv thawj qhov ntev. Qhov no ua raws li cov molecules polymules, ua rau cov fibers muaj zog, finer, thiab ntau ruaj khov.
Kauj Ruam 5: Hloov cov fibers rau hauv cov ntaub
Thaum cov filaments txuas ntxiv yog npaj tau, lawv tuaj yeem siv tau ob txoj kev:
Raws li falament xov: ntev, du yarns yog woven lossis knitted ncaj qha rau hauv foomsrics xws li satin, Taffeta, lossis ncaws pob ua kis las.
Raws li staple fiber: filaments yog txiav rau hauv luv luv (zoo li paj rwb lossis wool fibers), ces spun rau hauv xov paj. Qhov no tsim cov ntaub nrog cov softer, muaj ntau lub ntsej muag xav - zoo li fleece lossis qee rab riam.
Cov yarns ntawd tau woven lossis knitted ntawm kev siv cov tshuab muaj cov ntaub pua uas siv los ntawm cov paj ntaub tsim cov paj ntaub thoob ntiaj teb.
Vim li cas tsis yog tus txheej txheem no muaj kev pab?
Thaum lub tshuab txua khoom tom qab hluavtaws yog qhov ua tau zoo, nws ib puag ncig kev taug ib puag ncig ib puag ncig ntawm:
Tsis - Cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv: Nws nyob ntawm cov pob txha roj av.
Lub zog - xob siab: huab cua sov heev thiab siab xav tau ntau tus nqi ntawm lub zog.
Tshuaj lom neeg muaj kuab lom: cov kuab tshuaj lom thiab ua cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau xaus hauv cov dej.
Microplastic shedding: txhua qhov kev ntxuav kom tso microplastics rau hauv cov dej.
Tsis - biodegradable: synthetics tuaj yeem siv ntau pua pua xyoo los rhuav tshem.
Hauv qab kab
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xobyog marvels ntawm tib neeg kev txhim kho - ruaj, muaj ntau yam, thiab ua haujlwm. Tab sis lawv tuaj ntawm tus nqi ntxhab ecological. As consumers become more aware, the push for recycled synthetics (like rPET) and bio-based alternatives is growing.
Tsis tau lo lus nug tseem tshuav: Peb puas tuaj yeem muaj kev lag luam ntsuab tau ua rau dub kub?
Xav kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog ECO - Tus phooj ywg ua kev xaiv? Sau npe yuav ua rau peb blog rau txhua lub limtiam insig.
